France, Germany resist U.S. plan for bigger NATO role against Islamic State
FILE PHOTO: U.S. forces are seen at the Kurdish People’s Protection Units (YPG) headquarters after it was hit by Turkish airstrikes in Mount Karachok near Malikiya, Syria April 25, 2017. REUTERS/ Rodi Said/File Photo
Many alliance members hope the plan will be announced in Brussels next Thursday, when Trump attends his first NATO summit. But France and Germany have misgivings, allies involved in the discussions said.
Among the concerns: NATO might be caught up in another costly, Afghan-style deployment, irk some Arab countries or risk confrontation with Russia in Syria.
“They are not buying it,” said a senior European NATO diplomat, who said some other nations including Greece and Italy were also wary of the plan.
“They want to know what difference would it make. All 28 NATO allies are already part of this effort,” the diplomat said, referring to a 68-nation U.S.-led coalition against Islamic State that includes all NATO members.
French and German officials declined to comment, but German Chancellor Angela Merkel left open the possibility of NATO as an institution joining the coalition when she met NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg last week. Both ruled out any combat role for NATO in Syria and Iraq.
France’s new President Emmanuel Macron will have lunch with Trump – who last month withdrew his earlier charge that NATO was ‘obsolete’ because it was not ‘taking care of terror’ – before the Brussels meeting next Thursday.
While Islamic State is on the verge of defeat in its Iraqi stronghold of Mosul, and bracing for an assault against its de facto capital in Raqqa, Syria, U.S. officials are concerned fleeing militants could leave a vacuum that could prompt Arab tribal fighters to turn on each other to gain control.
U.S. officials say the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation as an institution could contribute equipment, training and the expertise it gained leading a coalition against al Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan. NATO military chiefs favour the move, said General Petr Pavel, chairman of the alliance’s military committee.
Diplomats said this could mean NATO using its surveillance planes over Syria, running command-and-control operations and providing air-to-air refuelling.
SYMBOLIC STEP
One compromise would be for NATO as an institution to formally join the coalition at the dinner with Trump next week, but leave the details of any involvement to a later stage.
“If allies can be convinced that it is only a symbolic step, a deal should be possible,” said a second NATO diplomat. “Trump goes home with a message that NATO is joining the coalition and NATO doesn’t have to do anything extra, at least for now.”
A broader hesitancy among European allies stems from the long mission that NATO has undertaken in Afghanistan, taking over the United States’ bid to defeat militants in 2003 after the attacks on New York and Washington two years earlier.
Given Russia’s concerns over NATO expansion in eastern Europe, and its role in Syria as the key military ally of President Bashar al-Assad, some allies also worry that deeper NATO involvement there could be taken by Moscow as a provocation.
But a stronger role in Iraq and Syria could also address concerns expressed by Mediterranean allies, such as Spain, Italy and Portugal, that NATO lacks a strategy for tackling the root causes of the migrant and refugee crisis.
Stoltenberg has talked about NATO’s “untapped potential” in building up armed forces. Options include more NATO training of Iraqi troops and police, as well as strengthening government departments in areas taken back from Islamic State.
“NATO is the only security organization with the skills and breadth to take on this task,” wrote Hans Binnendijk and David Gompert in a paper for the U.S. think-tank RAND Corporation.